Haber's Art Reviews: Browse by Artist (E-H)

Pick from More Artists

John Haber
in New York City

Eakins

Does realism stand for representational truth, a style and a means of representation, or a period or two in art history? A tour from Giotto and Jan van Eyck to the American Realism of Thomas Eakins, George Bellows, and John Sloan leaves open the puzzles that Bo Bartlett and others are solving today.

Thomas Eakins keeps returning to bare flesh and dark shadows. Has he bowed to the tradition of the nude or taken art to its naked future?

What does the Met lose when it draws together its holdings of Thomas Eakins? So much for the provocation and feminism behind his realism.

Echavarría

How can Africa and the Third World be so achingly, unnervingly beautiful? Juan Manuel Echavarría, Yoan Capote, and Richard Mosse bring home the cost of the refugee crisis and war.

Eckhaus Latta

Has fashion become conceptual art and painting become fabric? Eckhaus Latta puts on a fashion show, while Antonio Santin spins oil into tapestry.

Edelman

Is New York scary at night and a country home ever so comfortable in sunlight? Jessie Edelman, Jane Dickson, Chris Hood, and Mary Lum make their way through the light.

Eddy

What happens when the city that never sleeps shuts down? Don Eddy lies awake, while Dan Herschlein has more cinematic nightmares, and Serena Stevens returns to Iowa with dreams of home.

Edgerton

Remember when photography was a science experiment? For Harold Edgerton, Barbara Kasten, László Moholy-Nagy, and Sheila Pinkel, Modernism was itself an experiment.

Edwards

Has summer sculpture swooped in—or just a drone by Sam Durant? It encounters culture change and climate change with "The Musical Brain," Guadalupe Maravilla, Maya Lin, Melvin Edwards, and "Re:Growth."

Have African American art and abstraction become old friends? Melvin Edwards, Barbara Chase-Riboud, Kianja Strobert, and Sherrill Roland make abstraction a monument to black history.

Eggebrecht

Alfred Leslie set aside the brush for the computer and "the lives of some women." Had he, Echo Eggebrecht, Jan Müller, and Helen Verhoeven found male fantasies or acid girls?

Eggleston

When William Eggleston brought color photography to MoMA, what seemed so crude—the medium, the feel of a snapshot, or the South? By looking beyond the foreground, he broke with documentary photography and the "decisive moment."

Has Stephen Shore abandoned photography for Instagram or saved it? He still has raises tough questions about you are there, long after William Eggleston found color in Los Alamos.

Eiben

When did painting move beyond black? Henrik Eiben, Betty Kaufman, and Pierre Soulages tell the story of the red and the black.

Eisenman

There are allegories, and then there are all-ugh-ories. Which describe art after AIDS and art after Eastern Europe by Nicole Eisenman, Goshka Macuga, Andra Ursuta, and Martin Wong?

Eisenstaedt

Is street photography all about crowds? Mark Cohen finds blue collar childhoods, Barbara Crane the face of Chicago, Jared Bark a photo booth in Times Square, and Alfred Eisenstaedt something larger than life.

Eisenstein

Can a single work hold centuries of political art? If Robert Longo goes head to head with Francisco de Goya and Sergei Eisenstein, Anselm Kiefer thinks even bigger.

Eisler

With Judith Eisler, Cecily Brown, Nathalie Djurberg, and Bill Henson, art gets painfully explicit about sex, drugs, and rock and roll. So why do their human actors vanish so easily into forests, fairy tales, claymation, the blur of a picture tube, or death?

Elektra KB

Is there an art of war? Even in the Mideast, Cyprien Gaillard and Imran Qureshi find the picturesque, John Gerrard and Elektra KB a slow or frenetic dance.

Eliasson

A retrospective spans MoMA and P.S. 1, but which has the classrooms? Olafur Eliasson sends one back to school for interdisciplinary studies.

Is that a work of art, a musical instrument, or a science experiment? Only Olafur Eliasson knows for sure.

When Yoko Ono made her Painting for the Wind, did she anticipate earthworks? "Expo 1: New York," including Olafur Eliasson, asks what remains today of earth art and the earth.

Ellison

I know better than to identify characters in a novel with their author, at least not if they are more than half mad. So why was Ralph Ellison so invisible at his death?

Elmgreen

How did so much earth and the dark corners of New York streets get inside? Michael Elmgreen and Ingar Dragset create an underground End Station, Peter Wegner a paper labyrinth, and Mike Bouchet a pungent alternative to Walter de Maria, while emerging artists "Make It Now."

Can Moynihan Train Hall make up for the indignities of Penn Station? Skidmore, Owings & Merrill give it their best, with an assist from Michael Elmgreen and Ingar Dragset, Kehinde Wiley, and Stan Douglas.

You call this a monument? Ed Ruscha traces the course of empire, while "Monuments for the USA," featuring Michael Elmgreen and Ingar Dragset among others, seeks a nation worth remembering.

Elso

Juan Francisco Elso in Cuba and Latin American artists place "An Emphasis on Resistance." Can they feel the pain of martyrdom and revolution half as much as Carlos Martiel?

Emin

Does the Chelsea gallery scene know where the bodies are bodied? Tracey Emin, Wim Delvoye, Gary Hill, Daniel Rozin, and Sam Taylor-Wood may not get real, but they do get physical.

What lies between self-expression and postmodern theater? Probably sex, smashed dishes, and broken promises, plus a visit to Soho along with Sandro Chia, Tracey Emin, Julian Schnabel, and Philip Taaffe.

Engelen

When Carl Andre typed pillars of words and wild strings of letters, were they lessons in how to read or how not to be read? One could ask the same about text as art in "Drawing Time, Reading Time"—or art as music for William Engelen.

Engelhardt

With people and paint, Leon Kossoff, Brenda Goodman, and Maja Lisa Engelhardt lay it on thick. Can it bring them closer to postwar England, a woman's body, and fertile clay?

Ensor

James Ensor paints his first carnival figures at age twenty. Does he lie behind each and every mask—or no one at all?

Epes

Do men still dismiss feminism as either ladylike or consumed in anger? An installation by Maria Epes shows why it still lies at the heart of Postmodernism.

Epstein

Can art still see nature as comforting and awe inspiring? Alan Michelson and Mitch Epstein fear for Native American lands and their nation, while Kent Monkman reimagines the first incursions by European settlers.

Erlich

Is relational esthetics just a fancy term for a family vacation at Disney World? Carsten Höller confronts one's inner child with a scientist's adult conscience, and neither wins out—but Leandro Erlich offers still more indoor rides and attractions.

Ernst

Was Stuart Davis the first Pop artist? Maybe not, but he adapted Cubism to America in the jazz age, while Jean Tinguely and Max Ernst put the pop and sizzle into modern art in Europe.

Did Modernism find inspiration in the unconscious, Mexican temples, or the camera obscura? Max Ernst, Josef Albers, and Serkan Ozkaya speaking on behalf of Marcel Duchamp take them all to the max.

Ersser

Can an artist play at once abstract painter, architect, photographer, and voyeur? David Ersser, Susan Leopold, Christoph Morlinghaus, and Claire Seidl can, by going through the roof.

Erwitt

Did Henri Cartier-Bresson intend to coin "the decisive moment"? Maybe not, but he found it everywhere in the twentieth century, and so did Elliott Erwitt in Pittsburgh.

Eshkol

With Homage to the Square, Josef Albers showed how long a painter could persevere in his art. Did American Modernism need his European rigor, and can Sharon Lockhart find it in dance, tapestry, and Noa Eshkol?

Espinoza

Are Eugenio Espinoza, Paul Gabrielli, Pello Irazu, Lisa Kirk, Ted Larsen, and Sylvan Lionni born scavengers? They also know when to clear away the clutter and the dust.

Ess

How did women end up on both sides of the camera? In photography and video, Barbara Ess, Barbara Crane, and Amy Greenfield fragment the body and the medium.

T. Evans

Do trees, as John Ashbery hinted, "tell us who we are"? For Babs Reingold and Mary Hrbacek, they tell of the fate of civilizations and human loves, while photographs by Kris Graves and Terry Evans give the human landscape a context in time and space.

W. Evans

In 1938, MoMA claimed its first solo photography exhibition. With "American Photographs," did Walker Evans seek a nation's unity, its diversity, or just a penny picture studio—and did Bill Brandt find them all, too, in England?

Walker Evans photographed the underside of America. What made him see it with wonderment and respect?

What does a photo album become a lie, and when does it become art? Walker Evans collects postcards, Jem Cohen Polaroids of the city, Patti Smith the veils of Basque country, and Jane Hammond an imaginary tour of Europe.

Can the work of art no longer be faked? Joseph Cornell parrots Juan Gris, while Martí Cormand draws on Sherrie Levine after Walker Evans.

Will people maintain their trust in photography, as a passive trace of real, in the digital age? Barbara Savedoff has her doubts, but Walker Evans and Sylvia Mendel may put that trust in question in the first place.

Did Modernism have a choice, and does the Museum of Modern Art now? In "Making Choices: 1920–1960," Cindy Sherman's shards of an ego, The Marriage of Reason and Squalor by Frank Stella, and Walker Evans each get to define modern art's first decades of triumph.

Experimental Television Center

A quarter of a century ago, who knew that experimental film was turning into video art ? That may explain why a retrospective of the Experimental Television Center looks so old-fashioned—and why LoVid looks back.

Fabritius

Is there more to Girl with a Pearl Earring than the movie? Dutch painting from the Mauritshuis gives Jan Vermeer pride of place beside Rembrandt, Frans Hals, and Carel Fabritius.

Fake

At what point does a shape become a symbol? For Pete Schulte from the moment it takes shape as abstract art, for Edie Fake as politics and sheer pleasure, for David Diao in the parts of chair, and for Stanley Boxer maybe never, when there is painting to be had.

Falkenstein

How good are they? Galleries force the question, with rediscoveries of Claire Falkenstein, Raymond Hendler, John Opper, and Milton Resnick.

Falls

Remember flyover country? Sam Falls, Donna Dennis, Greg Lindquist, and Aspen Mays find a dark and not altogether distant beauty.

Farmanfarmaian

Tired of art movements, and wish you could reset to Zero? Yet that, too, was a movement, including Heinz Mack and in a valuable parallel to Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian in Iran, with painting and kinetic art that recall all too well the 1960s and 1970s.

Farrin

"Nothing," Georgia O'Keeffe promised, "is less real than realism." So what if abstraction for Laurel Farrin, Ethel Lebenkoff, or Cyrilla Mozenter includes a pizza box, a foot, or a chair?

Faruqee

Does abstraction still have room for expression and excess? With Anoka Faruqee, Mike Childs, Angelina Gualdoni, Wayne Herpich, and Melissa Meyer, it may even have room for lyricism, cross-hatching, and Op Art.

Fasanella

Can an outsider struggle with real-world politics? Ralph Fasanella, Jeffrey Beebe, and Willem van Genk make art out of mental illness and the city.

Fast

What does shopping have in common with loss of a home? Kaari Upson turns the video camera on Costco, Omar Fast on Chinatown and Germany, Janet Biggs on Africa, and Regina José Galindo on Central America.

Fattal

Simone Fattal in Beirut, Mrinalini Mukherjee in India, and Tom Anholt and Chris Hammerlein today move casually between traditional art, Modernism, and myth. Are the myths entirely their own?

Favaretto

Could there be a traditional Japanese art of Minimalism? "Requiem for the Sun" recreates the art of Mono-ha and Lee Ufan, decades before Lara Favaretto combines Minimalism, pop culture, and self-involvement.

Cao Fei

Cao Fei and David Claerbout travel from Chinatown to China and from Elvis to Nazi Germany. Is this the digital experience, and can Amie Siegel prove them wrong with film and a black swan?

Danh Vo went from boat person to a treasurer of family and collective memories. Can he still return to Vietnam—and can the artists in "One Hand Clapping," including Cao Fei, find serenity?

When the art scene blends into night life, does art become self-indulgence or directed dreaming? Cao Fei, Jennifer and Kevin McCoy, Jessica Rankin, Jessica Stockholder, and Salla Tykka each walk the line between light and dark.

Cui Fei

Is there a thread connecting Cui Fei, Amy Cutler, Jonah Groeneboer, and Chiharu Shiota? Their weave catches added dimensions, female communities, private writing, and the viewer.

When does drawing stop and calligraphy or weaving begin? Cui Fei, Paul Glabicki, Lee Mingwei, León Ferrari, and Mira Schendel leave art hanging by a thread.

Feininger

In half a century in Germany, Lyonel Feininger moved among caricature, Expressionism, Cubism, and the Bauhaus. Was he just a typical American?

Rachel Feinstein

The day after Halloween, can a woman still be a maiden, a mother, or a witch? Rachel Feinstein thinks so, while Rachel Harrison looks for the pureness of the Virgin and the coarseness of a pop culture saint.

Rochelle Feinstein

When anything goes, can art still have a direction, and should it? Rochelle Feinstein and Judy Glantzman have no time for exclusions.

Fénéon

Could Félix Fénéon reconcile the avant-garde and anarchy? Maybe not, but Paul Signac, for one, deemed Fénéon a magician.

Fernández

Can a Caribbean or Mexican American artist cross the border? Esteban Cabeza de Baca feels the desert heat in Chelsea and Teresita Fernández a tropical storm, while Austin Martin White and Kathia St. Hilaire feel the rubber burning.

Can a major museum expansion slip in through the back door? Frank Gehry does at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, with new galleries, new architecture, and Teresita Fernández.

Ferrara

Was there more to women's art in the 1970s than politics? Jackie Ferrara, Nancy Holt, and others created "Decoys, Complexes, and Triggers: Feminism and Land Art."

Ferrari

When did subjectivity become the new black? León Ferrari, John Divola, Kerstin Persson, Andrea Longacre-White find depths where a group show insists on "Black."

When does drawing stop and calligraphy or weaving begin? León Ferrari, Cui Fei, Paul Glabicki, Lee Mingwei, and Mira Schendel leave art hanging by a thread.

Ferrato

Learning to love photography after sex and the Web? Donna Ferrato, Leigh Ledare, and iheartphotograph.com state their case.

Ferrer

Is race in America a usable past? Rafael Ferrer has gone from painter to Bronx street artist and back, while "Usable Pasts" at the Studio Museum answers with a plural.

Ferris

Is too much paint being flung around? Absolutely, but Keltie Ferris, McArthur Binion, Daniel Hesidence, Scott Ingram, Stephen Maine, and Jackie Saccoccio can still leave their physical trace and their shimmer.

Fini

Can a woman reclaim her body and her autonomy from the male gaze? For Leonor Fini in Surrealism, Joan Semmel, and Marilyn Minter, the next step is to reclaim it from her own.

Fink

Benjamin Fink, Julie Blackmon, Clark and Pougnaud, Thomas Demand, and Alex Prager make photography at once domestic and fantastic. Can anyone tell what they create, what they stage, what they find, and what they manipulate?

Finley

Is art history really a story about chocolate? Maybe Karen Finley got it right.

Fioroni

Is Matthew Barney or Giosetta Fioroni just a shooting star? When it comes to Barney, Lina Bertucci is doing the shooting, and the Morgan Library makes an epic from his drawings alone.

D. Fischer

For Robert Storr, does conceptual art embody the excesses of art-world stardom and childish installations? Dan Fischer, Olaf Breuning, and the African Americans in "30 Seconds off an Inch" point instead to conceptual arts in the plural.

R. Fischer

Can one call a trailer park America's home-grown utopian community or another commercial wasteland? Andrea Zittel and her "A-Z Administrative Services" have made plans for your future, but Rob Fischer turns them on their side.

U. Fischer

Are Urs Fischer and Kitty Kraus minimal, conceptual, or just making a mess? Installations redolent of destruction run into recession austerity.

Can public sculpture be neither inside nor out? From the Flatiron Building to the Rockaways, Urs Fischer, Heidi Lanino Bilezikian, Dream the Combine, and Yayoi Kusama find a space to call their own.

Did Urs Fischer deliver the most dangerous exhibition of the year or just the sternest warning to visitors? Consider the "Best of 2007" and the year in review.

Can appropriation ruin Cindy Sherman or entire neighborhoods? James Franco and Urs Fischer treat it as the privilege of wealth, but "The Real Estate Show" and Shelley Reed look to a more savvy past.

Fischli and Weiss

Arthur C. Danto calls his essay on Peter Fischli and David Weiss "The Artist as Prime Mover." But did they ever stop moving?

To quote Oscar Wilde, "All art is quite useless." But is it "Useless," like a classic video by Peter Fischli and David Weiss, or science fiction, like the Latin American art in "Mundos Alternos"?

Fisher

After Modernism, can one still pin down painting's hard edges? Virginia Jaramillo races across a canvas and Morgan Fisher challenges anyone to count to 6, as just the start of a tour of fall abstraction.

Fisher Landau

Why not start your own museum? The Emily Fisher Landau Center, designed by Max Gordon, replays in real time the birth of the modern museum from private collections.

Fishman

For every emerging artist gaining the spotlight, an artist somewhere else just keeps plodding along. What gives Louise Fishman, Jack Tworkov, and Stanley Whitney their abstract determination?

Flavin

Dan Flavin collects the Hudson River School, Ellsworth Kelly draws plants, and Storm King Art Center explores its Hudson River landscape. Guess which show is called "Light and Landscape"?

Did Minimalism ever get off the ground? François Morellet may have you looking up, and so will Fred Sandback in a show with Dan Flavin, Donald Judd, and John McCracken.

With Minimalism, does art surrender to experience, or does the viewer surrender to the art? With a factory redesign by Robert Irwin, 300,000 square feet, and big shows for Dan Flavin, Robert Ryman, Richard Serra, Andy Warhol, and many more, Dia:Beacon assumes control.

Flood

Rosemarie Trockel turns her knits and conceptual art into an entire natural history, while Mark Flood covers his disdain with lace abstractions. Who can tell the art scene from the orangutan?

Foerster

Catherine Chalmers makes colonial art, but of ant colonies. Is it any more bestial than imprints of nature for Ryan Foerster or bears making art for Shuvinai Ashoona?

Fonseca

Is fine art a relic of a less cynical age? Gonzalo Fonseca builds on Isamu Noguchi and Nancy Graves on relics and mappings, while "Fossil Tales" refuses to see artist books as extinct even as a gallery passes.

Fontaine

Can political art be numbingly obvious and obscure at the same time? Claire Fontaine, Emory Douglas, Hans Haacke, and Artur Zmijewski give it their best shot.

Fontana

Lucio Fontana had barely taken up painting when he began to leave it in shreds. So why did it take him so long—and how did he bring Julio Le Parc to Minimalism and motion?

Ford

Was Beatrix Potter an environmentalist before her time? She looked to nature and to children, while Wanda Gág saw ghosts, and Walton Ford captures animals, however briefly, in the wild.

For Freedoms

The Great Depression was a crisis, but could Americans face it together? It may seem that way for Harold Haliday Costain, James van der Zee, and Hank Willis Thomas with For Freedoms.

Foster

What most hurts contemporary art, a lowering of standards in the name of critical theory—or a commodity culture that breeds amnesia about past experiments? A new textbook by Hal Foster, Rosalind Krauss, Yve-Alain Bois, and Benjamin Buchloh upsets conservative critics by daring to ask.

Has art become a product of museum advertising, one-of-a-kind genius, or just a lucky accident? For Michael Kimmelman, they all add up to star power, and Hal Foster wants to know why.

British artists—such as Damien Hirst, Chris Ofili, and Sam Taylor-Wood—and New York politicians recycle old scripts, nearly a decade after appropriation art held sway. What accounts for the shock of the not so new, and can a savvy analysis by Hal Foster pin it down?

Foucault

Need a quick primer on Postmodernism, and wonder how anyone can read Michel Foucault? You must be mad.

Foulkes

Does Llyn Foulkes belong to Pop Art or Surrealism? Either way, he finds himself caught between the mountains of California and Mickey Mouse.

Fowler

Can video art mean more than a dark, empty room? The X-Initiative strands Keren Cytter, Luke Fowler, and Tris Vonna-Michell in Chelsea, while Aernout Mik shoots up eight floors of a museum on video.

Fragonard

Valentin de Boulogne in the early Baroque painted even myth from live models, including himself, while Jean Honoré Fragonard sketched Rococo excess. So which was the realist?

What happened when Rococo collided with Enlightenment and revolution? Domenico Tiepolo turned to the New Testament, while Jean Honoré Fragonard literally got drawing off the ground.

Franco

Can appropriation ruin Cindy Sherman or entire neighborhoods? James Franco and Urs Fischer treat it as the privilege of wealth, but "The Real Estate Show" and Shelley Reed look to a more savvy past.

François

Amid all the noise and gestures, can art still think small? The Morgan Library displays contemporary drawings "By Any Means," while "Microwave" puts scale to the test, and Ann Veronica Janssens and Michel François imagine what is left when so much else has washed away.

M. Frank

Did Modernism have its romantic visions? Mary Frank, Charles Burchfield, and Agnes Pelton chart a fiery, dangerous world replete with natural histories.

Is that a woman at a window or behind the mask? Mary Frank bridges past and present, observation and a vision, and painting and stone, while Hannelore Baron can only hope to leave a trace behind.

N. Frank

The man in the moon flees the authorities, and fears of war lead to illicit sex. Do Tomi Ungerer and Natalie Frank draw for children or adults?

R. Frank

In 1955 a Swiss immigrant set out to discover America. In The Americans, did Robert Frank discover himself, the open road, or the patchwork of the American dream?

How does a photographer capture the decisive moment? For Robert Frank, by taking enough pictures—including contact prints, but also a decisive turn to collaboration and film.

Frankenthaler

"I never retouch," Henri Matisse boasted, but often he did—and hired someone to photograph every step of the way. Like the stained canvas of Helen Frankenthaler, he challenges myths of Modernism, spontaneity, and an artist in immediate touch with himself and nature.

Did followers of Georges Seurat miss the boat to Modernism? From Paul Signac to Helen Frankenthaler and her Lighthouse series, his independence of color has had a sustained influence.

Was Abstract Expressionism all about thinking big? "Epic Abstraction" extends its history to women and the present, while Morris Louis and Helen Frankenthaler step out from behind the veils.

Franklin

Can Minimalism abandon industrial precision for earth? Grace Knowlton crafts shattered orbs and dirt piles, while Derek Franklin, Anya Gallaccio, and Erin Shirreff look to sculpture for revitalization.

Fraser

When does a therapy session, street photography, a police investigation, or a true confession become a fiction—or a lie? Andrea Fraser, Jana Leo, and Hannah Starkey seek the truth.

Frazier

LaToya Ruby Frazier still calls the Rust Belt home. Can she find solidarity in a wider notion of family and African American labor?

Frecon

If painting is not dead, has abstraction survived as mere recitation? Suzan Frecon, Brice Marden, David Novros, Victor Pesce, and Clare Seidl try additions, overlays, and a heart of gold.

Freeberg

"The limits of my language," a philosopher wrote, "mean the limits of my world." Could Mel Bochner be feeling his limits, or has he broadened his world—even as Andy Freeberg quotes him to mock the art fairs?

Freedman

Where was Joel Sternfeld before "American Prospects"? Where Jill Freedman in the late 1970s finds tabloid New York, his first pictures find color, a more innocent decade, and four other Americas.

Freeman

Is art devolving into a scary, macho remake of sex, drugs, and rock 'n' roll? Mike Kelley and Michael Smith take Baby IKKI to Burning Man, "The Horror Show" plays on, and Justin Lowe and Jonah Freeman convert a huge gallery into Black-Acid Co-op.

Freud

Was the greatest case study by Sigmund Freud a lie? When a woman's dreams are put on the couch, free association, artistic freedom, and feminism turn out to have a lot in common.

Was Louise Bourgeois a Freudian or a rebel against all father figures, Sigmund Freud included? Her years in therapy left no end of her words, but it takes her prints to do her justice.

Is it right to call Sigmund Freud (or Marx or Derrida) a secular Jew? I can answer only for myself.

Is recent photography too familiar or too strange? The Guggenheim calls it "Haunted," or what Sigmund Freud called the uncanny.

D. Fried

Sometimes art aspires to a science experiment. With David Fried, Antony Gormley, Jeppe Hein, Eileen Quinlan, and Mark Sheinkman, is it all done with smoke and mirrors?

M. Fried

Do Chelsea's once idealistic galleries now form a business district—or a theater district? Michael Fried argued that "theatricality" precedes and follows modern art; and he could have been arguing with me as I took his hero, Edouard Manet, to check out such artists as Cindy Sherman, Richard Tsao, castaneda/reiman, Deborah Turville, and Scott Tunick.

Should Michael Fried have meant "Art as Objecthood" as a compliment to Minimalism? Hu Bing, Bill Jenkins, Ted Victoria, and Bill Walton look to ordinary objects for drama and realism.

Z. Fried

Did postwar abstraction find room for women? "Perseverance" thinks so, while Zipora Fried connects and extends the dots, and Jane Swavely zips things up.

Friedlander

When Lee Friedlander goes in search of America, does he forget to get out of his car? He presents a dizzying portrait of a nation, not least because it looks so very familiar.

Is that plane headed for a house in Queens, and is that skyscraper falling over? Photos by Lee Friedlander and Berenice Abbott are falling for America.

M. Friedman

Simon Starling recreates early modern drama with Japanese warriors, while Martha Friedman choreographs something more minimal and surreal, and Anita Thatcher asks architecture to join the performance. Is performance a struggle or a dance?

T. Friedman

Will high-res images replace paintings or just help sell art? Leonardo, The Last Supper, and Tom Friedman meet Photoshop and globalization.

Friedrich

When Anita Brookner looks at Romanticism, she sees only discontents and infinite longings. So what makes the Moonwatchers by Caspar David Friedrich so at home with nature in turmoil, the darkness of night, and the far-away heavens?

Romanticism did not easily sit still—especially Northern Romanticism. What then keeps Caspar David Friedrich and "Room with a View" so safely behind shuttered windows?

Freilicher

In dreams, the city itself can seem hard to pin down. How do Jane Freilicher, Martha Diamond, and Charles Mayton make it at once vivid, familiar, and strange?

What does circuitry have in common with sprawltown? As landscape painters, Jane Freilicher, Amy Bennett, and James Hoff have many devices.

Frintrop

When does abstraction become new media? Max Frintrop and Luiz Zerbini draw on the digital as imagery and tool, but Walter Darby Bannard experimented all along with paint.

Frost

When it comes to gun culture, is political art more about the guns or about culture? Sarah Frost creates a ghostly paper arsenal, while Liz Magic Laser, Henry Taylor, and Darren Bader feel your pain.

Frydlender

Can there be signs of life in the Mideast and Asia? Barry Frydlender spots them outside his window in Tel Aviv, Shirana Shahbazi and Igael Shemtov on their way home, and Stephen Shore everywhere in that war-torn region.

Fuller

When chemists detected fullerenes, did they vindicate Buckminster Fuller or commemorate a fantasy? A retrospective reveals him as designer, dreamer, architect, college professor, a snake-oil salesman, and a a prototype for Modernism in America.

What did Isamu Noguchi learn from Buckminster Fuller—art, design, or a vision of the future? "Best of Friends" recovers Fuller for modern art.

Can architecture address climate change? "Emerging Ecologies" looks back to Buckminster Fuller and others for models, while "Coal + Ice" in a multimedia extravaganza sees the peril ahead.

Fujimura

Artists never truly paint like their influences, right? Yet the influence of Abstract Expressionism lingers on, not just with Jules Olitski and the late Neil Welliver, but in younger artists who seem almost to channel them—including Makoto Fujimura, Ronnie Landfield, Peter Reginato, Duston Spear, and Joseph Stashkevetch.

Furnas

Does Chelsea's massive fall opening amount to an entertainment event or a model for museums of contemporary art? In 2006, artists could easily grow cynical or messianic, including Jennifer Dalton, Barnaby Furnas, and Matthew Ritchie.

Furr

Was African American art caught up in the American struggle? Benny Andrews and Jake McCord see history through the faces, black and white, they knew best—and Emily Furr explains why only the latter remains an outsider.

Future Retrieval

Can an art museum in Manhattan have a department of tropical research? Mark Dion, Eugen Gabritschevsky, and Future Retrieval take art into the cross-cultural realm of the senses.

Fyfe

Is there more to art and language than an artist's book? John Fyfe, Erica Baum, Chris Jones, and Jeanne Silverthorne bring literature to installations and painting.

Gabrielli

Are Paul Gabrielli, Eugenio Espinoza, Pello Irazu, Lisa Kirk, Ted Larsen, and Sylvan Lionni born scavengers? They also know when to clear away the clutter and the dust.

Gabritschevsky

Can an art museum in Manhattan have a department of tropical research? Eugen Gabritschevsky, Mark Dion, and Future Retrieval take art into the cross-cultural realm of the senses.

Gachet

Can Gustave Courbet's gravity and Vincent van Gogh's manic highs trace a single path to Modernism? van Gogh's final patron and a sometime painter, Dr. Gachet, shows what their admirers often missed.

Gaddi

After Giotto, Taddeo Gaddi tread only cautiously toward the Renaissance, like the circle of Duccio before him. Does that make either of them an "Italian primitive"?

Gadsby

A young Pablo Picasso in Paris and Blaise Cendrars looked to modern art and Montmartre to make it new, but Hannah Gadsby has her doubts when it comes to women. Are we there yet?

Gág

Was Beatrix Potter an environmentalist before her time? She looked to nature and to children, while Wanda Gág saw ghosts, and Walton Ford captures animals, however briefly, in the wild.

Gaillard

Is there an art of war? Even in the Mideast, Cyprien Gaillard and Imran Qureshi find the picturesque, John Gerrard and Elektra KB a slow or frenetic dance.

Gaines

Is there more to Minimalism than industrial materials and the ground beneath one's feet? Carl Andre adds rural materials and poetry, while Charles Gaines adds faces, trees, and blackness.

Gaitonde

Can painting approach poetry? Wei Jia and others in "Oil and Water" find Chinese calligraphy in abstraction or a western landscape, and "This Music Crept By Me upon the Waters" pairs artists and poets, while Wang Jianwei and V. S. Gaitonde ask art of East and West to step outside of time.

Galenson

Can market models distinguish old masters from young geniuses? David W. Galenson applies economics to innovation, but Robyn Love knows the value of art as a gift.

Galindo

What counts as diversity? Melissa Cody claims Barbie and Natalie Ball blackness for Native Americans, while Beau Dick has his masks, Pacita Abad invokes six continents, and Regina José Galindo stands up to the bulldozers.

What does shopping have in common with loss of a home? Kaari Upson turns the video camera on Costco, Janet Biggs on Africa, Omar Fast on Chinatown and Germany, and Regina José Galindo on Central America.

Gallace

For Sarah Morris abstraction is political art, for Elliott Green it has the sweep and majesty of landscape, for Ian Cheng video gaming aspires to myth, and for Maureen Gallace landscape reflects a divided America. Do they come down to the same thing?

Gallaccio

"They are amazing," writes John Ashbery in his poem "Some Trees." How can still life from Ellen Altfest, an actual dead tree from Anya Gallaccio, and video by Tacita Dean reach for amazement?

Can Minimalism abandon industrial precision for earth? Grace Knowlton crafts shattered orbs and dirt piles, while Anya Gallaccio, Derek Franklin, and Erin Shirreff look to sculpture for revitalization.

Gallagher

How do you get from Ebony and training in ceramics to deep-sea creatures and bursts of color? For Ellen Gallagher and Ken Price, a sense of life lurks behind alluring surfaces.

Gannis

Can a feminist still laugh at fashion and celebrity? Carla Gannis, Rachel Harrison, Tracey Moffatt and Shannon Plumb dress for success.

J. Gardner

Remember when hybrids were postmodern? Like Albert Oehlen before them, Jonathan Gardner, Zachary Leener, Vanessa Maltese, and Anne Neukamp ask when diversity and excess become academicism.

T. Gardner

Can art get you looking at something other than your phone? Tim Gardner and Drift bring nature alive along with human distractions and high-tech solutions, while Ross Bleckner and Zachari Logan find shadows in the garden.

Garner

As women, Doreen Garner, Janet Cooling, and Nancy Spero move casually between history and myth. As political artists and women, can they still take no prisoners?

Garnett

After five years in Iraq, can art have mere intimations of disaster? Joy Garnett, Deborah Brown, Paul Chan, Lucien Samaha, and Meg Webster reveal the anxious artist.

Gaskell

When Lynda Benglis shares space with Louise Bourgeois, can one tell the good girl from the bad girl? Anna Gaskell and Margaret Murphy prefer not to say.

Gates

Can a midcareer retrospective have three floors, one each for the artist's progenitors? Kinship for Theaster Gates includes abstract artists, potters, musicians, and the African American community, while Willie Birch knows the everyday heroism in keeping up with the news.

Gatson

What it mean to act African American? Rico Gatson, Rodney McMillian, and Clifford Owens mix media and performance.

Gaudí

"Barcelona and Modernity: From Gaudí to Dalí" and Spanish Painting from "El Greco to Picasso" both deserve the name "From Picasso to Picasso." But can Barcelona or the Spanish mind really explain any of these artists?

Gauguin

Can an older medium make it new? Paul Gauguin and "Medium as Muse: Woodcuts and the Modern Book" experiment with prints and the modern.

When Paul Gauguin says he likes his women fat and stupid, do his attitudes strike to the core of modern art? Griselda Pollock notices that he and Picasso have a problem, but Modernism may yet play its feminist gambits.

Gavin

When it comes to race and gender, has anything changed in thirty years? Lorraine O'Grady frames the lives of others in Harlem, while Cy Gavin puts a gay black male at the center of the frame.

Gebhardt

Does art today flaunt eclecticism and excess? Roland Gebhardt and Carl D'Alvia find a less impersonal side to Minimalism and its rigor, while Tom Doyle with a nod to Eva Hesse shows how it all began.

Gechtoff

Once abstract art had to be big, bold, and what else? Sonia Gechtoff felt herself drawn to the sea and Naotaka Hiro to canvas, so much that he stuck his arms right through it, while the Guggenheim with "Sensory Poetics" is still collecting a generation of abstraction.

Gee's Bend

Has outsider art entered the mainstream? A panel on "Break on Through (from the Outside)" at Sotheby's featuring Andrew Edlin, Scott Ogden, Edward M. Gómez, Daniel Swanigan Snow, and Richard Lehun wonders if it should—while "History Refuses to Die" with Thornton Dial, Lonnie Holley, Ronald Lockett, and Gee's Bend quilts ponders the evidence.

Gego

Was the greatest twentieth-century Latin American artist a German Jew and a refugee? Like Ruth Asawa in wire sculpture, Gego cast a wide net in steel while drawing in space.

Gehry

Can a major museum expansion slip in through the back door? Frank Gehry does at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, with new galleries, new architecture, and Teresita Fernández.

Geisler

Does computer art offer anything at all new, and is anyone buying? After a gallery tour and panel discussion, Kirsten Geisler, John Klima, Mark Napier, and John F. Simon suggest that old news from art and software can still create strange new bedfellows.

Gelitin

Can one conceptual artists from bad boys and museums from big-box stores? Face to face with Gelitin and El Anatsui, Roberta Smith wants to know.

Geller

Has art become more fragile or only a critic's authority? Matthew Geller, Janine Antoni, Amy Bennett, Kevin Hanley, Peter Sarkisian, and David Shapiro put them both to the test.

Genger

Has summer sculpture left the parks behind? With Orly Genger, Ugo Rondinone, "do it (outside)," and Thomas Houseago at Storm King Art Center it becomes the fabric of New York.

Gensler

Can Diller Scofidio + Renfro and Gensler rescue the Museum of Modern Art for the permanent collection? MoMA's 2019 expansion banks on diversity and installation art, as "Surrounds."

Is the International Center of Photography home at last in the glitter and gentrification of the Lower East Side? Its Gensler design has room for billboards, but also Modernism, hip-hop, and a black utopia by Tyler Mitchell.

Gentileschi

Can art history rescue Artemisia Gentileschi from a dime-store romance? A retrospective treats her as her father's daughter, but the younger artist gets the last word.

Must a museum expansion extend to the art? Rick Mather at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts stresses civic spaces, but Artemisia Gentileschi fights back.

Genzken

What could be more "unmonumental" than Ground Zero after 9/11? Isa Genzken fills it with her rootless, anxious assemblages, while Christoph Schlingensief finds an even messier and more violent German history.

Geoffroy

Since abstraction and appropriation, what happened to drawing and painting objects? Anne Geoffroy, Jennifer Wynne Reeves, and E. E. Smith remember the little things in life.

Gerber

Willa Nasatir opens with swirls of color and black crashing into white, Everett Kane with half-remembered technology and films, Lori Nix and Kathleen Gerber with the fall of imagined cities. When photography penetrates indoors, is it safe to enter?

Géricault

Théodore Géricault took Romanticism out to sea, and artists as late as Edouard Manet kept "Crossing the Channel." Did an era really set its differences aside, or has museum politics displaced artistic and national divisions?

Did Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Modernism make up a single revolution? Drawings follow Jacques-Louis David, Théodore Chassériau, Théodore Géricault, Eugène Delacroix, and revolutionary France, decades before Pierre-Auguste Renoir paints fashion at full length.

Germain

Has conceptual art made sculpture a thing of the past? Jordan Loeppky-Kolesnik, Edgar Calel, Tania Pérez Córdova, R. I. P. Germain, and Claudia Pagès bring earth and a sense of the neighborhood to Queens.

Gerrard

Is there an art of war? Even in the Mideast, Cyprien Gaillard and Imran Qureshi find the picturesque, John Gerrard and Elektra KB a slow or frenetic dance.

Gescheidt

Has Madison Avenue taken over Modernism? Alfred Gescheidt draws on popular culture, naughty bits, and the male gaze, but Edward Steichen, too, thrived on commercial photography in his elegant work for Condé Nast.

Ghani/Kelly

Is landscape painting, photography, and video about light or lives? Mariam Ghani and Erin Ellen Kelly, Matt Bollinger, and Eleanor Ray encompass both.

Ghebreyesus

Were so many of today's Americans once refugees on the high seas? Ficre Ghebreyesus, Lisa Alvarado, and Tom Pnini navigate a treacherous crossing.

Ghiberti

For over twenty-five years, Lorenzo Ghiberti toiled on The Gates of Paradise. Did he also offer a key to the city of Florence?

Was the early Renaissance the age of Donatello? The Museum of Biblical Art pits him against Lorenzo Ghiberti and more.

Ghirri

Luigi Ghirri surveys Europe and Ruth Rosengarten a family in transit. Just whose memories do their photographs preserve?

Giacometti

Alberto Giacometti has a problem with women, not to mention, men, the human form itself, and the art object. What makes them all lie together so easily—and so uneasily—in so familiar a world?

Did Georgia O'Keeffe discover abstraction by looking or by doing? Her drawings show an artist doing both, but with a personal connection to what she saw and did, while Alberto Giacometti and Barbara Chase-Riboud meet to reinvent modern sculpture.

Is the woman holding the void by Alberto Giacometti begging for attention? MoMA's 2019 expansion certainly is, and so is Faurschou New York, where a dealer and collector has museum aspirations.

Gibson

Can summer sculpture survive a lockdown? The 2019 Socrates Annual offers a brief escape from Covid-19, before Héctor Zamora and "Monuments Now" with Jeffrey Gibson kick in.

What does architecture have to do with blackness? "Reconstruction: Architecture and Blackness in America" sees black towers as a site of freedom, while "Monuments Now" with Jeffrey Gibson expands into the community.

Gifford

Sanford Robinson Gifford and George Inness gave the Hudson River School some of its most visionary landscapes. Did they really find that vision in Europe?

Must a museum sell such assets as paintings by Sanford Robinson Gifford and Frederic Edwin Church? The "Best of 2008" collides with a financial crisis.

Gilbert & George

Does male desire play better in a lonely villa or in East London, with frontal nudity or in suit and tie? Gilbert & George play it as camp, Jesper Just as existential crisis.

G. Gill

Can Gauri Gill in India see behind the masks, can Kenneth Tam find hope after forced Chinese American labor in the American West, and can Zhang Huan and Li Binyuan in China still claim the land as their own? Here tradition is itself only a mask.

S. Gill

Can repetition become mere showmanship and magic tricks? Gwyneth Leech and Stephen G. Rhodes are still drinking coffee, while Simryn Gill and Noriko Ambe have more discretely layered obsessions.

Gilliam

What connects gentle abstraction to prejudice and violence? Howardena Pindell finds a history of America and African Americans, while painting by Sam Gilliam spans the gallery.

Gillick

Are galleries more like public spaces or luxury retailers? Jean Dubuffet treats sculpture as an urban plaza, Bosco Sodi evokes cracked earth and the Rothko Chapel in white, and Liam Gillick takes the shared space of Minimalism apart.

Gillie and Marc

Can fences make good neighbors after all? Ai Weiwei fences in New York to open it to refugees, while Erwin Redl makes his grid of lights, and Gillie and Marc pile on the rhinos.

Gilmore

Art faces lots of traps, from Postmodernism to Sheetrock walls and from gender roles to acts of torture. Kate Gilmore and Jill Magid are breaking out of the box.

Gillot

Why did Jacques-Louis David need so many preliminary drawings? He had to focus his art without losing his Neoclassical theater—like Claude Gillot, who taught Jean Antoine Watteau, in the Age of Reason.

Giorgione

Paintings by Giovanni Bellini and Giorgione once belonged to the same collector in Venice. Did they share a mystery as well?

Giotto

The Italian Renaissance is supposed to begin with Giotto and burst out with Masaccio, right? Art in Florence wants to prove me half wrong.

These days artists and celebrities can become famous for their passing fame. Cimabue got there first, before Giotto, however—or was it Duccio?

After Giotto, Taddeo Gaddi tread only cautiously toward the Renaissance. Does that make him an Italian primitive?

Can the experience of a book stretch from one mind to a household and out to an entire public world? A "Medieval Housebook" suggests how, set alongside shows of "the Medieval world" and of controversial works by Giotto and others from Assisi.

Were the 1300s a lost century or the missing link from Giotto and Duccio? Bartolo di Fredi finds his way to the Renaissance.

Girault

What if photography had been around for centuries? The medium was just three years old when Joseph-Philibert Girault de Prangey sought ancient civilizations in all their glory, while "Apollo's Muse" turns its lens on moon.

Girodet

Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson started a Classicist, but his narratives blend religion, sex, death, and a great deal of kitsch. Does he anticipate Romanticism, Modernism, Postmodernism, or none of the above?

Glabicki

When does drawing stop and calligraphy or weaving begin? Paul Glabicki, Cui Fei, Lee Mingwei, León Ferrari, and Mira Schendel leave art hanging by a thread.

Glaessner

Tired of tossing and turning? Elizabeth Glaessner, Siobhan Liddell, Linda Matalon, and Kathy Ruttenberg take a woman's body through times of crisis.

Glantzman

When anything goes, can art still have a direction, and should it? Judy Glantzman and Rochelle Feinstein have no time for exclusions.

Gober

Where Robert Gober crafts cribs, easy chairs, kitchen sinks, a wood-burning fireplace, and a perfectly made bed, Roxy Paine carves an entire airport security checkpoint. Which illusion comes closest to an artist's obsessions and fears?

Godine

Can portraits of friends add up to a portrait of race and gender in America? Salman Toor sees gay Asian males under scrutiny, while Hana Yilma Godine locates African women in spaces within spaces and Newsha Tavakolian searches in vain for a state of calm in Tehran.

Goethe

If Postmodernism wants to ground art historically, why does it keep riffing so wildly on the past? Consider what happens when Robert Mapplethorpe encounters Mannerism, contemporary painters create their own "Idols of Perversity," and—long before both—Goethe built a great drawing collection on his mistakes.

Goldblatt

Can a white see apartheid as his history? David Goldblatt photographs South Africa in black and white, and he finds how little has changed.

Goldberg

Has painting recovered its energy? Michael Goldberg takes Abstract Expressionism into the millenium, while Gianna Commito, Robert Kushner, and Gary Petersen turn up the heat.

Golden

Is art a window onto the world? Sara Greenberger Rafferty, Samara Golden, and "Everything, Everyday" stop at the stage door.

Goldenberg

Why is craft now looming over fine art? Elias Sime looks to African markets, Suzanne Goldenberg to Minimalism and the artist's hand, Julia Bland to Native American tradition, and Talia Levitt to the Yiddish for rags.

Goldin

With The Ballad of Sexual Dependency, Nan Goldin will be trapped forever in the AIDS crisis and her own dark longings. So why do her memories speak so movingly to the present, while Mark Leckey is stuck in dance clubs of the past?

Did Nan Goldin and other artists of the 1980s sell out, get forced out, or aspire to move out all along? "East Village USA" evokes a scene of experiment and entrepreneurship, like a trial run for art today.

When I think of sex, violence, and sheer play, am I talking about childhood or art? "Visions of Childhood" at the Snug Harbor Cultural Center lets Nan Goldin, Grace Goldsmith, Nayland Blake, Lewis Carroll, Laurie Simmons, and others ask just that.

Is anything left of Modernism's daring except nudity and nostalgia? In the cold winter of 2001, I take a quick gallery tour, with most space to Nan Goldin, Leonardo Drew, Robert Longo, and Lisa Yuskavage, who also has a rather early retrospective.

Goldsmith

Goldstein

Was Jack Goldstein an exile in Hollywood or thoroughly at home in LA? The Canadian in Southern California had his greatest influence in New York, while Robert Heinecken was busy teaching photography, turning the pages of glossy magazines, and watching TV.

For a time Jack Goldstein, Troy Brauntuch, Sherrie Levine, Robert Longo, and Cindy Sherman shared a Soho gallery. Did they ignite "The Pictures Generation"?

Goldsworthy

What unfolds between nature and performance? Andy Goldsworthy, Yoko Ono, Mary Simpson, and Sarah Sze discover cracks in Minimalism's garden.

Finished works of art command high prices. Why, then, do Andy Goldsworthy, avaf, Alexander Lee, and so many others seem intent on trashing the gallery?

Golshiri

Can art wage a woman's war? Nigeria for Onyeka Igwe is dancing, while Barbad Golshiri in Iran is in mourning for life.

Goltzius

Did Mannerism's virtuosity offer a pale shadow the past, or did it foreshadow the future? For a postmodern art history, Hendrick Goltzius and Willem van Tetrode suggest a Post-Renaissance.

Golub

Is there more to political art than the foul rag and bone shop of the heart? Leon Golub, Jimmie Durham, and Cathy Wilkes put their bodies on the line.

D. Gonzáles

Can art create an ecosystem? Steffani Jemison, Cullen Washington, Jr., and Jennifer Packer hold the fort after Hurrican Sandy, while Dionisio Gonzáles and Mary Mattingly haul out the waste of globalization, and "Un/Natural Occurrences" seeks a climate for art.

T. Gonzales

Mary Lee Bendolph at Gee's Bend helped make quilting an art form, while Christopher Stout calls his painted linen quilts, and Margot, Agatha Wojciechowsky, and Tamara Gonzales reach for beauty, horror, and the spirit world. Can their claims be reconciled?

Goode Bryant

For just three years, Alan Solomon threw the Jewish Museum into the turmoil of the city and the turmoil of contemporary art. Why would "New York: 1962–1964" distingiush the two—and why would a black-run gallery founded by Linda Goode Bryant, Just Above Midtown?

Goodell

Could something as simple as a color chart keep formalism alive—or does it just add another layer of conceptual art? Kathy Goodell, Tauba Auerbach, Jaq Chartier, Harriet Korman, and Catherine Lee turn to dots and dashes for "Ecstatic Alphabets."

B. Goodman

With people and paint, Leon Kossoff, Brenda Goodman, and Maja Lisa Engelhardt lay it on thick. Can it bring them closer to postwar England, a woman's body, and fertile clay?

N. A. Goodman

Are Auguste Rodin's twisting bodies and multiple casts more like variations on a theme or Xerox copies? Arthur C. Danto, Nelson A. Goodman, and Rosalind E. Krauss—as critics and philosophers—each tackle the originality of the avant-garde.

Gorchov

Symmetry is back, but are artists opening or shutting doors? Ron Gorchov, Mark Grotjahn, Ellsworth Kelly, Fred Sandback, and Catherine Yass start knocking.

D. Gordon

Does the slow pace of video or a bare installation afford an escape from this world or an invitation to engagement? "Out of Time," drawn from MoMA's permanent collection, and Douglas Gordon both want to know.

How did participatory art and "relational esthetics" become installations by celebrity artists? Rirkrit Tiravanija, Douglas Gordon, and "theanyspacewhatever" take over the Guggenheim.

M. Gordon

Why not start your own museum? The Emily Fisher Landau Center, designed by Max Gordon, replays in real time the birth of the modern museum from private collections.

Do "December" and the solstice stand for a promise or for dark nights? Marianne Vitale poses much the same question to Minimalism and Melissa Gordon to Piet Mondrian.

Gorky

Arshile Gorky saw drawing as the essence of painting. Did that make his paintings traditional or his drawings a foretaste of the future?

Arshile Gorky felt the loss of a father, a homeland, a mother, two wives, and even a body of work. Can a biographer know how much that left him to create anew?

How did Picasso get to America without leaving Europe? "Picasso and American Art" traces his influence on Stuart Davis, Arshile Gorky, Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Jasper Johns, and others.

Gormley

Sometimes art aspires to a science experiment. With Antony Gormley, David Fried, Jeppe Hein, Eileen Quinlan, and Mark Sheinkman, is it all done with smoke and mirrors?

Is public sculpture still standing or standing still? Antony Gormley and "Statuesque" aim for grand but vulnerable statuary, and then George Herms comes to salvage the mess.

Has modern sculpture settled into scrap, monumentalism, or both? Antony Gormley, Nancy Rubins, and the fate of a New York landmark by Philip Pavia navigate between Modernism, Minimalism, and the junkyard.

Goss

Now that anything goes, is there anything left to add? Nick Goss, Amy Sillman, and Lauren Silva add digital media, washes, and allusions to abstract painting.

Gossart

What if history ran backward—from Mannerism to the High Renaissance and then to Jan van Eyck? For Jan Gossart (or Mabuse), that history shaped Mannerism after all.

Gottlieb

What can a conservative still life from 1924 say about Abstract Expressionism? Adolph Gottlieb was already finding the movement's postwar optimism and its terrors.

Can paint still have an impact? Adolph Gottlieb in the 1950s and color in the 1960s were "Spilling Over."

Long after Picasso's fears and the alchemy of Adolph Gottlieb, can one still take "the primitive" or the shock of the avant-garde seriously? A new Web magazine locates Modernism's "Primitive Discord."

Gouthière

Do you go to the Frick or the Rococo to escape this world? Jean Antoine Watteau finds a world at war and Arlene Shechet its porcelain, while Pierre Gouthière gilds the lily.

Gowin

When a photographer plays curator, does photography look to art or the world? Emmet Gowin finds hidden likenesses, while Piotr Uklanski finds mostly himself.

Goya

In 1820, at age seventy-three, Francisco de Goya survived yet another near-fatal illness, only to face exile. What lies behind the vigor, experiment, and mystery of Goya's last works?

When Francisco de Goya looked at human caprices and the disasters of war, was he a keen observer or in the midst of a nightmare? Both are part of his graphic imagination.

In the 1780s, at the height of his reputation, Francisco de Goya painted the Altamira family and a child at play. Could a portrait by a follower have shown the way?

When Napoleon turned his cannons on Spain, he also stirred up art, with a new taste for the Spanish Baroque. What happens when art history rolls out the canon, from Diego Velázquez and Francisco de Goya all the way to Edouard Manet and John Singer Sargent?

The notion of originality has taken quite a beating from critics—not to mention from TV. Can the Met find the real Francisco de Goya and Rembrandt?

Can a single work hold centuries of political art? If Robert Longo goes head to head with Francisco de Goya and Sergei Eisenstein, Anselm Kiefer thinks even bigger.

D. Graham

If Dan Graham has performed naked, what makes his work so cool and detached? Graham moves from rock concerts to glass houses, while Ernesto Neto asks kids with a stocking fetish to move right in.

Can you reassemble the Statue of Liberty or determine inside from out on the Met's roof? With Danh Vo and Dan Graham, summer sculpture moves from liberty to luxury.

P. Graham

If any city were to follow to Ezra's Pound's directions to "make it new," it ought to be New York. Paul Graham, Lothar Osterburg, and Seher Shah still invent their city of dreams.

Who would star in The Americans today? The black and white photographers in "But Still, It Turns," curated by Paul Graham, and Dawoud Bey in Birmingham and Harlem cross America.

R. Graham

Conceptual art becomes material for Thomas Schütte and media studies for Rodney Graham. Are they and the KAWS collection just clowning around?

Grant

Can the art world can be open to African Americans—and can African American art be open to almost anything? Deborah Grant, Willie Cole, and Maureen Kelleher all riff on folk art and black history, but one also invokes Judaism and one is white.

Grasmann

What defines conservative art—an accessible artist, an academy of fine art, or a sober realist at home in one? The 2006 National Academy Annual emerges from 181 years of torpor and Alina Grasmann, Bo Bartlett, and Victor Burgin from the American tradition.

K. Graves

N. Graves

El Greco

Why do El Greco, a boy, a monkey, a madman, and a candle flame stare back at one another? A retrospective shows plenty of influences and evolution, but the same puzzlement over human and divine light.

The more visionary El Greco became, the more he clung to the same vision—and yet the more distant it seems. How can a painter span enough art movements, countries, and religious wars to change anyone but him?

Where did the Renaissance begin in earnest? The Limbourg brothers illuminate the International Style, "Pages of Gold" follows progress across Europe, and "Icon Painting in Venetian Crete" takes El Greco from his origins to Italy.

Can art from Toledo means more than El Greco? From Ohio, the Toledo Museum shows art history's grappling with humanity and nature in such figures as El Greco, Piero di Cosimo, and Jacopo Bassano, while Spain and St. John the Divine set aside "Time to Hope."

B. Green

Was J. P. Morgan as collector expressing his scholarship and pieta or just showing off? His wealth appears in "Morgan's Bibles" alongside "Medieval Money, Merchants, and Morality," but his librarian, Belle da Costa Green, had the last word.

E. Green

T. Green

Are museum blockbusters to blame for high museum prices? Tyler Green thinks so, but Gustave Caillebotte makes one wonder about the appeal of big shows and about art on the cheap.

Amid the swirl of big bucks at the 2008 Armory Show, Pulse, Volta, and other art fairs, does it even make sense to probe for conflict of interest? Tyler Green complains, but one writer, dealer, curator, and organizer—Christian Viveros-Fauné—argues that a creative mind can have it all.

Greenaway

Did Leonardo and Paolo Veronese anticipate Beethoven, the discovery of Pluto, and Jean Baudrillard? With Peter Greenaway, the society of the spectacle has a hungering for the real.

E. Greenbaum

Terry Winters and others leave their traces on the wall and on paper, Ethan Greenbaum in plastic, and Diana Al-Hadid in a tangled impasto. Are these still the impression of nature?

J. Greenbaum

Has abstraction maxed out? Joanne Greenbaum, Sarah Cain, Reed Danziger, Gary Petersen, David Rhodes, and Ryan Wallace make room for excess.

Greenberg

How many critics does it take to screw up Abstract Expressionism? In "Action/Abstraction," Clement Greenberg and Harold Rosenberg face off, but Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning get along just fine.

A. Greenfield

How did women end up on both sides of the camera? In photography and video, Amy Greenfield, Barbara Crane, and Barbara Ess fragment the body and the medium.

L. Greenfield

Does street photography seem made for black and white? While color for Lauren Greenfield exemplifies status and surfaces, it led Joel Meyerowitz out of the city and Raghubir Singh across India, but with deep roots in the street.

Greenwood

Is "Surround Audience" at the New Museum the new-media triennial or political? With help from Ryan Trecartin, it may just have a short attention span, but Wynne Greenwood keeps her music video going for a lot longer.

Gregory

Marcel Storr has his urban visions, but can outsider art find a home in the city? "Made in New York City" sees it there all along, while Keiran Brennan Hinton and Michael Gregory turn to interiors and landscapes.

Greuze

Do an artist's first and second thoughts, that corner of life apart from a forgotten narrative, always look modern? In the case of Jean-Baptiste Greuze, drawings may instead pull a modern viewer into the theater of the Enlightenment.

Griffin

When does Socialist Realism become Surrealism? Brian Griffin finds both in Thatcher's England, while Bruce Davidson finds hope in changing times and an ever-changing New York.

Grill

As painting roars back, can it take too many shortcuts? Not for Clare Grill, Iman Raad, or Kes Zapkus.

Gris

With Still Life with Chair Caning, Cubism took on the real thing. Does that place Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Juan Gris within the trompe l'oeil tradition?

Can the work of art no longer be faked? Joseph Cornell parrots Juan Gris, while Martí Cormand draws on Sherrie Levine after Walker Evans.

Why did Cubism so love newsprint and the headlines? In the Leonard A. Lauder collection, Juan Gris, Georges Braque, Fernand Leger, and Pablo Picasso keep making news.

Groeneboer

Is there a thread connecting Jonah Groeneboer, Amy Cutler, Cui Fei, and Chiharu Shiota? Their weave catches added dimensions, female communities, private writing, and the viewer.

Gropius

When Josef Albers and László Moholy-Nagy came to America, did they bring fine art, sound design, or more consumer products? "From the Bauhaus to the New World" has one asking, while "Bauhaus: Workshops for Modernity" shows how Walter Gropius, Mies van der Rohe, and Marcel Breuer shaped modern art.

Grosse

Is art a house built on sand? Katharina Grosse finds just that past Rockaway Beach, Yayoi Kusama builds on fancy real estate, and summer group shows move from sunlight into black.

Grosz

Was there ever so self-conscious an art as German and Austrian Expressionism? "The Self-Portrait," from Egon Schiele to Max Beckmann, helps rescue the self-aware from self-conceit, while George Grosz sees in the Weimar Republic an eclipse of the sun.

Grotjahn

Symmetry is back, but are artists opening or shutting doors? Mark Grotjahn, Ron Gorchov, Ellsworth Kelly, Fred Sandback, and Catherine Yass start knocking.

Is there more to abstraction than Generation Blank? Mark Grotjahn, Stephan Westfall, and summer group shows try the formulas, and they break down.

Grzeszykowska

Must a woman's photographs expose herself? For Aneta Grzeszykowska and her daughter, the body takes on a life of its own, while Patti Hill dismembers photography with a copy machine.

Gualdoni

Does abstraction still have room for expression and excess? With Angelina Gualdoni, Mike Childs, Anoka Faruqee, Wayne Herpich, and Melissa Meyer, it may even have room for lyricism, cross-hatching, and Op Art.

Guercino

Does the connoisseur's eye discern or erase the greatness of the past? "Conversations in Drawing" from the Gray collection can afford to do both, but Guercino drawings still give weight to a vision.

How can five paintings from the Norton Simon Museum include three dogs, three mothers, and at least twice as many angels? Jacopo Bassano, Peter Paul Rubens, Guercino, Francisco de Zurbarán, and Bartolomé Esteban Murillo chart the parallel development of painting in oil and a new secularism.

Gueorguieva

When painting comes off the wall, does it become sculpture? Not necessarily in this hybrid age, and not for Iva Gueorguieva, Charles McGill, and Henry Rothman.

Guggenheim

What caused Jackson Pollock to think big? Peggy Guggenheim and Mural take Pollock away from the easel, while "Knotted, Torn, Scattered" takes sculpture off the wall.

Gursky

Can art leap tall buildings in a single bound? Unlike typical summer sculpture, Andreas Gursky and "Tall Buildings" take the great outdoors inside.

Guston

Philip Guston influenced artists from Abstract Expressionism to Postmodernism. Did his art instead adhere to a more somber past?

Must art pass over the Holocaust in silence? Nabil Kanso sees war as an accumlated horror, Si Lewen the camps as a parade of ghosts, while Trenton Doyle Hancock and Philip Guston confront each other and the Klan.

Did Philip Guston point his finger at himself, the KKK, or modern art? He and Wilfredo Lam insist on what Abstract Expressionism leaves out.

How does an artist get from abstraction to the human figure? For Philip Guston and Tom Wesselmann, it took a lot less delicacy.

Wade Guyton

Richard Artschwager was painting realism on Celotex while a young Wade Guyton preferred video games. Are they two versions of Post-Minimalism?

Is all the world a stage? On the path from "Creating the Modern Stage" to installation art, Guyton/Walker and Jacqueline Humphries find abstraction.

Gwathmey

When did modern architecture give way to colors and curves? Charles Gwathmey, Eero Saarinen, and Josiah McElheny each give the International Style a different terminus.

Gysin

Rivane Neuenschwander treats everything as an occasion for brightness and the fulfillment of wishes, and Brion Gysin has his Dreammachine. Can I still be wishing for more?

Haacke

Hans Haacke finds that his political agenda has held up very well indeed. What about America, the halls for the Senate for Melanie Baker, and their art?

Can political art be numbingly obvious and obscure at the same time? Hans Haacke, Emory Douglas, Claire Fontaine, and Artur Zmijewski give it their best shot.

After a three-year interval, the 2000 Whitney Biennial has a paradoxical name, plus huge publicity over Nazi references by Hans Haacke, a German-born artist. What does that say about the dual role of American art in a global community?

Haas

Does Ernst Haas take photography close to abstraction? The photographers in "AND/ALSO" and the prints in "Nothing Is So Humble" still grapple with its claims to truth and to art.

Haber

Call these my creative (or silly or deadly serious) side:

Is there more to art than Black Friday year round? A student and I want to know.

What is left for a blind critic? My retinal surgery teaches me about art, convention, and vision.

Were you the one asking for a good, brief dictionary of art terms and techniques? As the man said, you can look it up—but that does not necessarily mean you can believe it.

Yes, I know I am only a critic, but I do not know where else to put this. Can I invade a museum and a docent's authority with my own performance art?

Know how to talk like a critic? Let me allow some of my very favorite writers to speak for themselves—well, with a bit of help.

Can I recover architecture and family history on the Grand Concourse? I find my own instead in a panorama left over from the 1964 World's Fair.

Whose expectations are these anyway? Hollywood and Dickens meet in the middle, in my (classic) update of Great Expectations set in New York City.

Want a good reason to become an art critic? If you could only get on the MoMA press list, you would never have to face this preposterous museum entrance fee.

If you went in search of a writer, would you find me? I went to a store myself, and I found some disturbing gaps in the chain.

What role does political art play today? I contribute to an interview on art and politics.

Oh, dear, I am blogging yet again, but no longer for ArtBistro. What can it—or I—bring to the conversation?

Can multiculturalism and diversity or experiment and cries for "standards" actually conflict, and can science illuminate the dilemma for art?

And yes, more creative writing, for art and science carry an air of authority and yet still, all too often, fall powerless. Did the environment really make a difference to the 2000 presidential election—and vice versa?

Okay, a more humorous turn on New York and the election. In fact, while I am trying to wipe that smile off my face, what difference did the elder Bush's home state—or the younger one's challenge from terror—make to my love life? Are you taking sufficient care for the latest gossip and your personal health? Have you survived Vegas or Downtown Disney?

Haber Fifield

How does photography differ from painting or collage? James Welling and Sandi Haber Fifield play with both, but photography puts barriers in their way, and John Houck now turns to painting instead.

Hadid

Zaha Hadid gives a brusque welcome to Postmodern architecture, and Sarah Sze and Caroline McCarthy look everywhere at once. Which represents the future of New York City?

Haendel

Can formalism lose itself in a dance, in language, or in a maze? Karl Haendel, Gabriel Sierra, Ruby Sky Stiler, and Jeff Williams are monkeying around with Minimalism.

Hahn

Ellen Berkenblit paints defiant horses and women, Andrea Joyce Heimer parties and ancient warriors, and Heidi Hahn the very image of melancholy. Could they all be speaking up for a woman's self-definition?

Haldeman

When it comes to images of women, can the adolescent male gaze grow up? Ivy Haldeman, Francesco Clemente, William Copley, and John Wesley take women seriously, but not without a smile.

Halilaj

Is New York vanishing before your eyes? Herman Leonard and Kahlil Joseph track its jazz rhythms, while Petrit Halilaj brings a perspective from war-torn Europe and Dan and Sandra Weiner from another vintage New York.

Can summer sculpture top found art or New York itself? Maybe not Rose B. Simpson crossing the city, but watch out for Petrit Halilaj on the Met roof and Huma Bhabha, Suchitra Mattai, and Cannupa Hanska Luger in the parks.

Hall

What were you doing at age twelve? If you were Michelangelo, says the Met, you were painting devils in the sky, while James Hall thinks you had a problem with your body.

Halley

Peter Halley looks on expressionism as an ideological error. Can he correct it?

Can art still aspire to a window onto nature? Mary Obering and Patrick Wilson treat abstraction as a window, to which Peter Halley adds his customary bars, while Pádraig Timoney and Claire Kerr multiply the languages of art.

When photography meets abstraction, does the camera have designs on the viewer? Peter Halley haunts mixed media from Rory Donaldson, Lansing-Dreiden, and Raha Raissnia.

When it comes to Modernism, should one call it past or hope to escape? "Cellblock," featuring Peter Halley, looks for a way out, while "How Much Do I Owe You?" follows the money right into a vault.

Did Peter Halley and other artists of the 1980s sell out, get forced out, or aspire to move out all along? "East Village USA" evokes a scene of experiment and entrepreneurship, like a trial run for art today.

Halpern

What happens when abstraction meets the ready-made gesture? Tamar Halpern, Skyler Brickley, and Amy Sillman take painting "Besides, With, Against, and Yet."

Halpert

Could American art be for everybody? Edith Halpert helped put it on the map, just as the women in "Labyrinth of Forms" were breaking through to abstraction.

Halloran

Is the future of painting in breaking boundaries or the scraps of art's past, and do they even differ? Lia Halloran, El Anatsui, Mark Bradford, Jeffrey Kessel, and more are recycling abstraction.

Hals

Frans Hals left more than two hundred surviving commissions but died in poverty. Did his portraits grow darker or lusher in black and white?

Is there more to Girl with a Pearl Earring than the movie? Dutch painting from the Mauritshuis gives Jan Vermeer pride of place beside Rembrandt, Frans Hals, and Carel Fabritius.

Halsey

How do you get from the pyramids to the parks? Start with summer sculpture by Lauren Halsey on the Met roof, but do not forget Mary Mattingly, Sheila Pepe, and Phyllida Barlow in the great outdoors.

Halvorson

Can anyone take the measure of art? Josephine Halvorson brings her own measuring stick, but Dennis Oppenheim just lets himself go crazy.

Hamburger

Can an artist still break through boundaries, with or without a radio signal? Rirkrit Tiravanija, Katrín Sigurdardóttir, and Susan Hamburger give it a try.

Hamilton

Do images of Asia always amount to "orientalism"? From James McNeill Whistler to Ann Hamilton and Paul Kos, "The Third Mind: American Artists Contemplate Asia" looks to the East and finds only religion.

Hammerlein

Simone Fattal in Beirut, Mrinalini Mukherjee in India, and Tom Anholt and Chris Hammerlein today move casually between traditional art, Modernism, and myth. Are the myths entirely their own?

H. Hammond

Was abstract art once hard to explain? Harmony Hammond and Pat Adams still keep one guessing what they are adding and what they are taking away, while Francis Hines graciously wraps things up.

J. Hammond

Hammons

Can blackness—or art—become invisible? Perhaps it already has, and David Hammons wants to know why.

How did David Hammons get to the downtown New York of "Around Day's End" and Gordon Matta-Clark—and to his own "Day's End"? So elusive an artist began by leaving his mark in Body Prints.

Can a celebration of African Americans help overcome very real dangers? Arthur Jafa and "The Body Politic" (with Steve McQueen, David Hammons, and Mika Rottenberg) make the body in question a part of black history and culture.

Hancock

Hanley

Has art become more fragile or only a critic's authority? Kevin Hanley, Janine Antoni, Amy Bennett, Matthew Geller, Peter Sarkisian, David Shapiro, and E. E. Smith put them both to the test.

Hannah

Did Modernism die off or just shatter in the face of competing avant-gardes? Club 57 takes to the dark side of the 1970s, and Duncan Hannah remembers in Twentieth-Century Boy.

Hanson

Is your idea of real life Michelangelo or Duane Hanson? "Like Life" looks at seven hundred years of sculpture, color, and the body.

Hariri & Hariri

Can architecture speak to art? Hariri & Hariri have visions of architecture, Dannielle Tegeder and Melissa Kretschmer use it to disrupt abstract painting, and Mateo López makes it a site for drawing, sculpture, and performance.

Hardy

Is it painting or photography, staged or observed? Anne Hardy, Gregory Crewdson, Ron Diorio, and Sherry Karver all have one guessing.

K. L. Harris

Does a tribute say more about the original or the present? With "The Bearden Project" and a mural, Kira Lynn Harris and others remember Romare Bearden.

L. A. Harris

Did the March on Washington demand a response from African American artists? When Romare Bearden helped found "Spiral," he could only dream how Radcliffe Bailey, "Evidence of Accumulation," and Lyle Ashton Harris would spiral outward.

H. M. and N. Harrison

Must survivalism drive Helen Mayer and Newton Harrison to a portable orchard? The 2004 Harlem Sculpture Gardens, Alexis Rockman, and Tiril Hasselknippe find more summery alternatives.

R. Harrison

Can a tea ceremony come to Mars, a vision of heaven to New Jersey, and gardens to the Meatpacking District? Tom Sachs, Rachel Harrison, and Virginia Overton are not expecting miracles.

Can a feminist still laugh at fashion and celebrity? Rachel Harrison, Carla Gannis, Tracey Moffatt, and Shannon Plumb dress for success.

Harron

Did Andy Warhol decline from artist into celebrity, or was he asking for it all along? A film by Mary Harron makes an eerie backdrop for yet more of his late work.

Hart

Modernism brought an explosion of color and a reconfigured reality. Could one who helped bring it, Félix Vallotton, have dedicated himself to realism in black and white—and can Claudia Hart deepen early Modernism's disquiet by reimagining it as a video game?

Hartley

Has American art found its way home? In his last years, Marsden Hartley tried to remake himself as the painter of Maine, and now the Whitney rehangs its collection as "Where We Are."

Hasbun

What is it to be an American? The answers for Diana Markosian, Gillian Laub, Muriel Hasbun, and the black photographers in "Inward" play out on their smart phones, on TV, and in the streets of New York.

Hase

Was there a direct path from the Bauhaus to Buenos Aires? For Elisabeth Hase, Ellen Auerbach, Horacio Coppola, and Grete Stern in photography, the connections run every which way.

Hasegawa

As a child in Japan, Isamu Noguchi tended his mother's garden. For Saburo Hasegawa and Gabriel Orozco, was he always a child in the garden?

Hassam

When Childe Hassam captured the flag along Fifth Avenue, American Impressionism had already passed its prime. Had he given it fresh life or helped create a new urban realism?

Hasselknippe

Must survivalism drive Helen Mayer and Newton Harrison to a portable orchard? The 2004 Harlem Sculpture Gardens, Alexis Rockman, and Tiril Hasselknippe find more summery alternatives.

Hassinger

What does it mean for summer sculpture to be site specific? "Black Atlantic" turns its back on Liberty and Cristina Iglesias finds hidden waters, while Maren Hassinger and Wyatt Kahn turn modest objects into steel for urban parks.

Haub

Is it painting or construction—and an object in space or in history? Christian Haub, Jannis Kounellis, Richard Nonas, Jim Osman, Marianne Vitale, and others are defining a Neo-Minimalism for today.

At the end of 1996, did "in" New Yorkers still never travel north of 14th Street? I check out the new Chelsea galleries and dear old 57th Street, with the most space to Leonardo Drew, Garry Hill, Ellsworth Kelly, Jodi Manasevit, Sue Williams, and Christian Haub—a painter who looks beyond and through paint.

Hawkinson

What distinguishes digital art from boys playing with their boy toys? New media looks for definitions in old-fashioned contraptions by Tim Hawkinson, Cory Arcangel, and Charlotte Becket.

Can Soho recover memories of modernity? Tim Hawkinson, Stephen Westfall, Wendell McRae, and Donald Baechler take on the construction job—with everything from abstract painting and photography to machine parts.

Hayden

For schools in a pandemic, why not hold class outdoors? Hugh Hayden and the 2021 Socrates Annual take desks, trees, and sculpture to New York's parks.

Hayes

Sharon Hayes and Klara Lidén keep coming at you in performance and on video. Why makes one more self-effacing, while also finding a woman's voice?

C. Haynes

Must feminist art face men down? Clarity Haynes, Ruben Natal-San Miguel, and Katarina Riesing present altars, poses, fabric, and flesh.

N. Haynes

If abstraction is the cutting edge, just who is doing the cutting? Nancy Haynes finds its dark edges, "Cutters" slices them into the work, and Mary Heilmann surfs through them.

Hays

Is there more to landscape than a moment in time and point in space? Jodi Hays and Michi Meko find change coming to the New South, while Jake Berthot carries his darkness from abstraction to landscape, and Emily Nelligan returns to Maine and impending darkness.

Heade

When Martin Johnson Heade painted a gathering storm, did he foresee a war? "The Civil War and American Art" and "Photography and the American Civil War" show painters like Winslow Homer and photographers like Mathew Brady caught up in events more than they ever knew—and Hale Woodruff in his murals evoked them for the next century.

Heatherwick

What if you could have your own private park, in one of New York's liveliest neighborhoods? Barry Diller has Little Island, but he and Thomas Heatherwick are not keeping it to themselves, while Meg Webster extends the ecosystem beyond Governors Island.

Who owns Manhattan's west side? Thomas Heatherwick asks questions about architecture and a pier in the Meatpacking District, while Michael Kimmelman envisions the future of Penn Station.

Can growth make a city less urban? With sculpture by Thomas Heatherwick and a tower by Kevin Roche and John Dinkeloo, Hudson Yards asks one to step up and apart from the grid.

Heidegger

Should the high crimes and misdemeanors of creative individuals color judgment of their work? Martin Heidegger makes a test case of creativity and morality.

Who is that couple in Jan van Eyck's most famous painting, face front and hands joined, as if for a solemn ceremony? Three books seek the truth in painting and a new art history, just as Martin Heidegger once had faced an enigmatic pair of shoes by van Gogh.

Heilmann

If abstraction is the cutting edge, just who is doing the cutting? Nancy Haynes finds its dark edges, "Cutters" slices them into the work, and Mary Heilmann surfs through them.

Heimer

Hein

Sometimes art aspires to a science experiment. With Jeppe Hein, David Fried, Antony Gormley, Eileen Quinlan, and Mark Sheinkman, is it all done with smoke and mirrors?

Heinecken

Heizer

Can the great postwar movements encompass a full century of American art and an Edward Hopper retrospective? With "Full House," just past sculpture by Michael Heizer, the Whitney's permanent collection gives it a try.

Is it just a few years ago that Soho felt like a carnival? I offer a light, off-the-cuff summer 1994 tour, with the most space to Nayland Blake, Jenny Holzer, Laurie Simmons, and Michael Heizer—who carries the mass and scale of the earth into the gallery.

Hendeles

Are no two snowflakes alike? Maybe not, but "The Keeper" has no end of collections to make you wonder, including thousands of photographs and teddy bears from Ydessa Hendeles, like a cultural history from Hanne Darboven.

Hendler

How good are they? Galleries force the question, with rediscoveries of Raymond Hendler, Claire Falkenstein, John Opper, and Milton Resnick.

Hendricks

Barkley L. Hendricks mixes academic portraiture, clashing colors, quotes from art history, and African-American identity. Can he and Shinique Smith have it all?

Who owns European painting or blackness? Bob Thompson and Barkley L. Hendricks know them both cold.

Henrot

And then there was art. Can "Back to Eden" and Camille Henrot get themselves back to the garden?

Henry

Can an abstract artist still stand out in a crowded market? Meg Lipke puts down her smartphone, while John Mendelsohn picks up his dark color wheels, and Mary Dill Henry gets back to the garden.

Henson

With Bill Henson, Cecily Brown, Nathalie Djurberg, and Judith Eisler, art gets painfully explicit about sex, drugs, and rock and roll. So why do their human actors vanish so easily into forests, fairy tales, claymation, the blur of a picture tube, or death?

Herms

Is public sculpture still standing or standing still? Antony Gormley and "Statuesque" aim for grand but vulnerable statuary, and then George Herms comes to salvage the mess.

Hernandez

What makes a city so faceless or familiar? Bernd and Hilla Becher multiply its towers, while Anthony Hernandez sets it behind a screen, and Yvonne Jacquette takes to the sky.

Herpich

Does abstraction still have room for expression and excess? With Wayne Herpich, Mike Childs, Anoka Faruqee, Angelina Gualdoni, and Melissa Meyer, it may even have room for lyricism, cross-hatching, and Op Art.

Herring

A scared public and the mainstream media far overstate the problem of critical "artspeak." When dealers tout Oliver Herring for his combination of comic-strip heros and high-brow esthetics, could I instead call it martspeak?

A. Herrera

Arturo Herrera paints convincingly with collage, Mariah Robertson with photograms, and Angel Otero with spattered fabric. Can abstraction relive its "Geometric Days"?

C. Herrera

Agnes Martin and Carmen Herrera stuck with abstract art for decades. Why did it take so long for two remarkable women to find recognition—and themselves?

Was spring late in coming? Summer sculpture 2019 made up for it with Alicja Kwade, Carmen Herrera, and Leonardo Drew, by pointing to the earth and sky.

Herschlein

What happens when the city that never sleeps shuts down? Don Eddy lies awake, while Dan Herschlein has more cinematic nightmares, and Serena Stevens returns to Iowa with dreams of home.

Hershman Leeson

Lynn Hershman Leeson has spent a lifetime playing others, with and without digital assistance. Can she, Ed Atkins, and Wong Ping also play themselves?

Is there life beyond Chelsea—and even a gallery or two? While some hot dealers escape the Chelsea art mall for a trendier downtown, Lynn Hershman suggests that art, fashion, and high finance go all too well together on video.

Herzog

Can photography face matters of life and death? Eugene Richards sees them through individual histories, Fred Herzog a red-light district in living color, and Helen Levitt the masks of the Depression.

Herzog & de Meuron

While the Brooklyn Museum redirects curators, MoMA lets Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron put perception on a leash. Would David Carrier call this museum democracy?

Hesidence

Is too much paint being flung around? Absolutely, but Daniel Hesidence, McArthur Binion, Keltie Ferris, Scott Ingram, Stephen Maine, and Jackie Saccoccio can still leave their physical trace and their shimmer.

Hesse

For Eva Hesse, time and chance cut short not just a life, but also a retrospective. Does that leave the trace of a Minimalist, a woman artist, a Holocaust survivor, or something else again?

Eva Hesse made an expanded Minimalism speak for its materials, for a viewer's anxieties, and for her. Can Charisse Pearlina Weston, Xaviera Simmons, and Torkwase Dyson do the same for African Americans today?

Does art today flaunt eclecticism and excess? Roland Gebhardt and Carl D'Alvia find a less impersonal side to Minimalism and its rigor, while Tom Doyle with a nod to Eva Hesse shows how it all began.

Hewitt

Have Leslie Hewitt, Jim Hodges, and James Nares reshaped architecture, reinforced it, or challenged it? Their installations move between floor covering, the artist's studio, and a wrecking ball.

What is more realistic—photography, illusion, or the plain sense of things? Leslie Hewitt, John Houck, Ron Milewicz, Michael St. John, and Mike Womack compare memory and realism.

Hickey

Can art, as Dave Hickey demands, still "civilize us"? The enormous futon that Klaus Biesenbach and Wendall Walker call Volume, SHoP's manic sculpture garden by the name of Dunescape, and "Around 1984" with its look at the 1980s do their best, but Barbara Kruger wittily refuses to try.

Dave Hickey so takes big money for art that he is considering no longer writing about it. He should have seen the efforts of Chelsea dealers after Hurricane Sandy.

Hicks

Did Minimalism have another, messier, and now largely forgotten history? Sheila Hicks, Phyllida Barlow, and Bill Bollinger anticipate a rediscovery of everyday objects, craft, and chaos.

Highstein

Oh, no, another minimalist? Jene Highstein and his gallery's block-long space make an interesting combination.

Gabrielle l'H. Hill

Is diversity in art always a cause for celebration? Curtis Talwst Santiago has it explode into carnival, while Gabrielle l'Hirondelle Hill indulges in Native American tobacco, and Ebecho Muslimova shows off her studio and her butt.

Gary Hill

Is video art just right for the information age? Gary Hill returns to a reality where people still stumble in the dark.

Does video art play out in real time or dismantle space and time in editing? For Peter Campus and Gary Hill, all it takes is the camera to disorient its subject and viewer.

At the end of 1996, did "in" New Yorkers still never travel north of 14th Street? I check out the new Chelsea galleries and dear old 57th Street, with the most space to Leonardo Drew, Christian Haub, Ellsworth Kelly, Jodi Manasevit, Sue Williams, and Garry Hill—whose fragile figures are changing my mind about him.

How long will Chelsea offer a mix of warehouses, idealism, chic, and big money? In late 1999 it at least has room for Postmodernism, laughter, and laser-cut tears, including Andreas Slominski, Gary Hill, Eric Magnuson, Diane Samuels, and Céleste Boursier-Mougenot.

What are two substitutes for the eye and two ways to break a museum's silence? Consider a magnifying glass aimed at Raphael, amid a show of "The Draftsman's Art," and a videotaped scream in the darkness from Gary Hill.

Does the Chelsea gallery scene know where the bodies are bodied? Gary Hill, Wim Delvoye, Tracey Emin, Daniel Rozin, and Sam Taylor-Wood may not get real, but they do get physical.

P. Hill

Must a woman's photographs expose herself? For Aneta Grzeszykowska and her daughter, the body takes on a life of its own, while Patti Hill dismembers photography with a copy machine.

R. Hill

Gillian Wearing shows the stages of a woman's life as wrought with guilt, Robin Hill places art in a hospital, and Laurie Simmons moves in with a love doll. How can manufactured bodies suffer anxiety and decay.

Hiller

When artists like Susan Hiller, Charles Willson Peale, and Ed Ruscha take "The Museum as Muse," have they made the ultimate critique—or given in to the museum institution? Just when postmodern critics thought they knew, the Modern takes itself as muse, too.

F. Hines

Was abstract art once hard to explain? Harmony Hammond and Pat Adams still keep one guessing what they are adding and what they are taking away, while Francis Hines graciously wraps things up.

R. Hines

Could the 2007 Dumbo "Art Under the Bridge" festival, with work by Roger Hines, mark the end of an era? Compare its crowds to those for the Chelsea money machine.

Hinman

Should shaped canvas stick to canvas—or the wall? Charles Hinman, Phyllida Barlow, Al Loving, and Artie Vierkant shape alternatives.

Hiro

Hiroshige

With 100 Famous Views of Edo, Utagawa Hiroshige kept up with a changing city, while the Hodgkin collection takes South Asian art across the centuries as "Indian Skies." Is Takashi Murakami up to the job today?

Hirschhorn

Thomas Hirschhorn tackles subjects as tough as the ruins of empire, the war on terror, and Bronx public housing. With his Gramsci Monument, has he finally invested them with more than French theory and the artist's ego?

Hirshfield

Meret Oppenheim showed Surrealism a dark continent of the imagination. How far could she go beyond the fur-lined teacup, and could Surrealism have room as well for folk art and Morris Hirshfield?

Hirst

Just how serious is Damien Hirst? In the worst case, ironically enough, serious indeed.

Which opens art most to the masses, Chelsea in September 2008 or Damien Hirst at auction? Either way, it entails a fascination with toilet jokes and Andres Serrano.

Is London racing past New York or mired in tradition? Damien Hirst, Ken Currie, Christian Jankowski, Marilene Oliver, and Bridget Riley suggest the deep roots of a crazed arts scene and urban landscape.

Hitchcock

Laura Mulvey took feminism to the movies, when she asked just who is stalking Hitchcock's women—the murderer, the hero, Alfred Hitchcock, or the man in the movie house. But is someone else altogether stuck on a woman's image?

Höch

If Hannah Höch began as one of Dada's most incisive artists, why is she so little known? Perhaps her feminist edge and cartoon cutouts have made her too contemporary.

Hockney

Did the painter of Southern California swimming pools begin in the toilets of the London underground? David Hockney navigates England, America, portraits, and shallow waters.

Does art take science—or vice versa? David Hockney cannot keep either one straight, while Philip Ball brings them together in a fascinating history of color.

Hodges

Have Jim Hodges, Leslie Hewitt, and James Nares reshaped architecture, reinforced it, or challenged it? Their installations move between floor covering, the artist's studio, and a wrecking ball.

Hodler

Gustav Klimt needed a vacation from portraiture. Was it to take him into the landscape, like Ferdinand Hodler from day into night?

Hoff

What does circuitry have in common with sprawltown? As landscape painters, James Hoff, Amy Bennett, and Jane Freilicher have many devices.

Hogarth

For all his cruelty, William Hogarth allowed Londoners a proper English beer. Can the Met's British galleries keep to a decorative richness and a proper cup of tea?

Hofmann

Was Ad Reinhardt most passionate in his cartoons and art comics or his black paintings? Meanwhile Robert Motherwell and Hans Hofmann had their own routes to Abstract Expressionism and austerity, the first through collage.

Hoke

Doreen McCarthy loves plastics, Lisa Hoke recycles, and "Notes on 'Notes on Camp' " recalls Susan Sontag. For all the theater, can the art object still slip out from within quotes?

Holbein

Was Hans Holbein the Younger the first artist to identify with his sitters? As a portrait painter, he had the restraint and attention to detail of a courtier.

Is art just another show of wealth? "Tudor England" may think so, for all the skill of Hans Holbein the Younger, while Rosalba Carriera and Nicolas Party make the most of Rococo pomposity and piety.

Hollander

Is the earth a disaster area—or the gallery? Jacob Kirkegaard dives into dirty places, while Bat-Ami Rivlin offers the means of escape, and Madeline Hollander finds just that in a cricket's wings.

Höller

Holley

If white America treats blacks as outsiders, does that make African American art outsider art? Lonnie Holley finds power in masks, Kevin Beasley in sound and a turbulent history.

Holt

When Manhattan Island gets an island of its own, should one call it a site, a nonsite, or gentrification? With the assistance of Nancy Holt, Floating Island makes a provocative addition to a suitably systematic and entropic Robert Smithson retrospective—and a striking contrast to New York earth art by Walter de Maria.

Was there more to women's art in the 1970s than politics? Jackie Ferrara, Nancy Holt, and others created "Decoys, Complexes, and Triggers: Feminism and Land Art."

Holzer

You may know Jenny Holzer for text art and crawl screens, but had you listened to the silence? Joyce Kozloff in paint, too, listens to the news, but with maps.

Jenny Holzer colors with industrial LEDs and paints with a censor's black and white. Does art or politics make it more overwhelming?

Is art text—and, if not, why do people keep wanting to censor it? Jenny Holzer integrates both text and its censorship into paintings, while a flag-burning amendment could reduce treats Jasper Johns to a sign.

What happened to the Guggenheim Museum's collection? Jenny Holzer, Cai Guo-Qiang, Paul Chan, Julie Mehretu, Richard Prince, and Carrie Mae Weems are granted "Artistic License" to find out, but the Whitney's collection looks downright new as well.

Is it just a few years ago that Soho felt like a carnival? I offer a light, off-the-cuff summer 1994 tour, with the most space to Nayland Blake, Michael Heizer, Laurie Simmons, and Jenny Holzer—whose medium carries quite a few messages.

Homer

Was Winslow Homer the painter of sunlight or storms at sea? The Met sees the dark side, even in the Gulf Stream, and an unflinching look at race in America.

From George Caleb Bingham past Winslow Homer, painters have been telling "American Stories." But are they stories of individualism or community, of race or merit?

Hood

Is New York scary at night and a country home ever so comfortable in sunlight? Chris Hood, Jane Dickson, Jessie Edelman, and Mary Lum make their way through the light.

Hope

Does art parallel science or something older? "Natural Histories" stresses the handmade, while Shane Hope teaches molecules to paint.

Hopkins

Art seems to collapse right out from under James Hopkins, Jon Kessler, Diana Kingsley, Reynold Reynolds and Patrick Jolley, Daniel Rozin, and Catherine Sullivan. Are they just hyperactive or shaking things up?

Hopper

In New York, Edward Hopper found "the American city that I know best and like most," but which New York? His city in transition thrives on the possibilities, while New York for Paul Cadmus is home to old masters, male bodies and sex.

Edward Hopper made dozens of sketches for a painting, right down to architectural details of a Times Square movie house. Does that make his paintings about observation or about abstracting away?

Was American Modernism ambivalent about Modernism and America? From Edward Hopper to Georgia O'Keeffe, "American Modern" finds space for MoMA's permanent collection, while Eliot Porter points to what it leaves out.

What distinguishes American Surrealism, and does it come down to Edward Hopper, Reginald Marsh, or neither one? The Whitney calls it "Real/Surreal."

Rebecca Horn

When does a woman staring back constitute a self-portrait, and when does her sexuality become instead vulnerability or even stardom? Rebecca Horn flies close to death in early videos, Marina Abramovic alleges "erotic rituals," and Roni Horn turns her camera on another woman.

Roni Horn

Hornig

Is that an actual work of art, a view out the window, or the skylight? Sabine Hornig, Diana Cooper, and Joshua Neustein leave one stranded between the gallery and distant places.

Horowitz

Is there a point of intersection between African American and Jewish Art? With "We Fight to Build a Free World," Jonathan Horowitz fights the good fight, but Ward Shelley and Douglas Paulson see American politics as the scene of a crime.

Houck

What is more realistic—photography, illusion, or the plain sense of things? John Houck, Leslie Hewitt, Ron Milewicz, Michael St. John, and Mike Womack compare memory and realism.

How does photography differ from painting or collage? James Welling and Sandi Haber Fifield play with both, but photography puts barriers in their way, and John Houck now turns to painting instead.

Houdon

Clodion and Jean-Antoine Houdon shared a certain Enlightenment reserve. Did their sculpture, like that of Giuseppe Penone in white porcelain today, still err on the side of excess?

Hough

For six months, New Yorkers experienced a modified house arrest, but could they even begin to understand life in prison? "Marking Time" and James (Yaya) Hough speak out against mass incarceration.

Houseago

Has summer sculpture left the parks behind? With Orly Genger, Ugo Rondinone, "do it (outside)," and Thomas Houseago at Storm King Art Center it becomes the fabric of New York.

Hoving

The Met upgrades a portrait to Diego Velázquez, the Frick cleans house, and Thomas Hoving dies. Have museums lost their magic?

Hovnanian

Are women photographers better off posing or hiding? The subjects of Rachel Hovnanian, Uta Barth, and Irene Caesar include themselves, dolls, empty space, and even me.

Howard

When artists bring death to the style pages, have they created a fourth-wave feminism? A slippery slope to suicide haunts video by Sue de Beer, paintings by Rachel Howard, and a sell-out by Sam Taylor-Wood.

Hrbacek

Hsu

Must art bring gentrification and the end of affordable housing? "After the Plaster Foundation" demands a place to live, while Tishan Hsu and Jesse Wine furnish it and dismember its occupants.

Hu Bing

Should Michael Fried have meant "Art as Objecthood" as a compliment to Minimalism? Hu Bing, Bill Jenkins, Ted Victoria, and Bill Walton look to ordinary objects for drama and realism.

Huggins

Maryalice Huggins in Aesop's Mirror struggles to authenticate the object she loves, while the Met boasts of a newly discovered Michelangelo. What explains the politics of attribution?

E. O. Hughes

Do the stumps of Hudson River Park attest to New York as an arts scene or port city? Every Ocean Hughes (formerly Emily Roydson) and Jimmy DeSana trace sites of queer identity.

R. Hughes

Robert Hughes and Ada Louise Huxtable set standards, and Michael Kimmelman pays tribute. What does that leave for a critic of art and architecture today?

S. Hughes

Are summer group shows just art fairs without the tourists and collectors? Some in 2017 stand out, alongside Shara Hughes, Patricia Treib, Francisco Ugarte, and "Flora Fantastica!"

Hujar

Were there a naughty and nice side to Peter Hujar—and a madcap and merely angry side to David Wojnarowicz? If their poles were never far apart, so their lives and deaths were intertwined as well.

Is there more to David Wojnarowicz and Paul Thek than abjection? Peter Hujar captures their moments away from the furor.

Hume

Can digital art make a revolution while appropriating the same old world? Compare "BitStreams" and "Data Dynamics" to the obsessions, intimacy, and invasions of privacy in such gallery artists as Gary Hume and Peter Sarkisian.

Humphrey

Does rigor still make sense in describing abstract art today? For David Humphrey, Medrie MacPhee, Altoon Sultan, and Juan Uslé, rigor can mean more than geometry.

Humphries

Now that painting is back from the dead, will New Yorkers go anywhere to see it live? Jacqueline Humphries, Kellyann Burns, Ayn Choi, Rannva Kunoy, and Robert Moskowitz explore the promise of abstraction.

Is all the world a stage? On the path from "Creating the Modern Stage" to installation art, Guyton/Walker and Jacqueline Humphries find abstraction.

Hundley

What's Hecuba to him and she to Goldman Sachs? With Julie Mehretu and Elliott Hundley world finance meets Greek tragedy on a mural scale.

Hunt

Richard Hunt takes his public sculpture indoors, while "inHarlem" for 2016 heads with Simone Leigh for the parks and Michael Richards for Governors Island. Which owes more to monumentality or community?

Hurson

Does painting still have room for bathers, bedrooms, and Sundays off along with irony? Michael Hurson, Laura Owens, and Byron Kim have their pleasures.

Husni-Bey

Are they all out to get you? "Everything Is Connected" connects art and conspiracy, while Adelita Husni-Bey, Mariana Castillo Deball, and Mika Rottenberg turn for hope to more ancient myths, maps, theater, Third World workers, and lawyers.

Hutton

Nature is a harsh discipline, but is it also vanishing? Peter Hutton, James Benning, Matthew Jensen, and Zoe Leonard cross continents by film, photography, and Google Street View.

Huxtable

Ada Louise Huxtable and Robert Hughes set standards, and Michael Kimmelman pays tribute. What does that leave for a critic of art and architecture today?

Huyghe

Must art comment only on itself, and must installations grow ever larger? Pierre Huyghe, "The Studio Visit," "Site 92," and Michael S. Riedel take the artist's working space as their muse.

Has summer sculpture run up against a brick wall? Maybe in Socrates Sculpture Park, but not for Pierre Huyghe, Tatiana Trouvé, and "Panorama."

Hyde

Is it still painting? James Hyde calls it "Public Sculpture," but he, Melissa Brown, Sarah Crowner, and Anna Ostoya have something else in mind.

What could be more academic these days than abstract art, except maybe turning against it? Cecily Brown has to make one ask, but along with James Hyde and Rebecca Purdum, she may offer too many answers.

Still more names!

jhaber@haberarts.com